Ethical Thinking on Fertility Preservation of Female Patients with Cancer / 中国医学伦理学

Fertility preservation technology provides an effective method of protecting fertility resources for young patients with malignant tumors, allowing them to offspring after their fertility is impaired. However, the development of this technology has caused many social and ethical controversies. From the perspective of ethics, this paper discussed the ethical issues faced by young female patients in the implementation of fertility preservation, including whether it is necessary to preserve fertility, the ownership of the preserved fertility resources and the fair and equitable distribution of health resources involved in its implementation process, and identifies these issues and controversies from ethical view. In order to eliminate public doubts and misunderstandings about the technology of fertility preservation, ethical principles of benefit and non-harm, informed consent, prudent application, and ethical supervision have to be followed in the process of providing fertility preservation services, so as to promote the further development and application of fertility preservation technology.

Correlation between time within the glucose target range and hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between time within the glucose target range(TIR) and hyperuricemia(HUA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:A total of 215 patients with T2DM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from June 2021 to May 2022 were selected and divided into HUA group and non-HUA group according to serum uric acid level. The clinical characteristics and biochemical indicators of the patients were collected. The association of 72 h glucose monitoring system(FGMS) related indicators TIR, mean blood glucose fluctuation range(MAGE), blood glucose variability(CV), blood glucose standard deviation(SDBG), and mean blood glucose(MBG) with serum uric acid level was analyzed. The influencing factors of T2DM combined with HUA were analyzed with binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate their predictive values.Results:TIR of HUA group was significantly decreased compared with non-HUA group, while HbA 1C, MAGE, CV, SDBG, and MBG were increased( P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum uric acid levels were negatively correlated with TIR, but positively correlated with MAGE, CV, SDBG, and MBG( P<0.001). After dichotomous logistic regression analysis, TIR was found to be an independent protective factor for T2DM with HUA. The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC) of TIR for predicting HUA in T2DM was 0.856(95% CI 0.803-0.909, P<0.001), with the best cut-off value being 64.5%, the sensitivity being 76.8%, and the specificity being 90.3%. Conclusion:TIR in patients with T2DM combined with HUA was significantly decreased. TIR is an independent protective factor for T2DM combined with HUA, and TIR shows a certain predictive value for T2DM combined with HUA.

Single-cell RNA sequencing deciphers transcriptional profiles of hepatocytes in mouse with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the cell composition and the transcriptional characteristics in microenvironments of hepatic tissues in mice at late stage of Echinococcus multilocularis infection at a single-cell level. Methods Peri-lesion and paired distal hepatic specimens were collected from two BALB/c mice (6 to 8 weeks old) infected with E. multilocularis for single-cell RNA sequencing. The Seurat package in the R software was employed for quality control of data, multi-sample integration and correction of batch effects, and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) algorithm was used for cell clustering. Cell types were annotated using classical marker genes. Differentially expressed genes were screened in each cell type through differential gene expression analysis, and the biological roles of cells were predicted using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Results A total of 43 710 cells from peri-lesion and distal hepatic tissues of E. multilocularis-infected mice were analyzed, and were classified into 11 cell types, including neutrophils, T cells, macrophages, granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cells, B cells, plasma cells, basophils, hepatic stellate cells, endothelial cells, hepatocytes, and platelets. T cells were the largest population of immune cells in the microenvironment of hepatic tissues, including five CD4+ T cell subsets, two CD8+ T cell subsets and phosphoantigen-reactive γδT cells. The proportions of CD4+ helper T cells and cytotoxic CD4+ T cells decreased and the proportion of T helper 2 (Th2) cells increased in peri-lesion tissues relative to distal hepatic tissues. In addition, the differentially expressed genes in Th2 cells were associated with negative regulation of the immune system, and the highly expressed genes in cytotoxic CD4+ T cells correlated with activation of the immune system. Conclusions Single-cell RNA sequencing deciphers the cell composition and distribution in microenvironments of hepatic tissues from mice infected with E. multilocularis, and the increased proportion of Th2 cells in peri-lesion hepatic tissues may be associated with formation of immunosuppressive microenvironments.

Research progress on effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on developing brain / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Sevoflurane is a commonly used inhalation anesthetic in childrenjs general anesthesia, which may have some adverse effects on brain development. This review discusses the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on developing brain, based on the characteristics of developing brain tissue, the effects on developing brain function, the mechanism of sevoflurane neurotoxicity and the strategies to reduce sevoflurane anesthesia neurotoxicity, so as to provide reference for clinical application.

Self-assembled FeS-based cascade bioreactor with enhanced tumor penetration and synergistic treatments to trigger robust cancer immunotherapy

Major challenges for cancer treatment are how to effectively eliminate primary tumor and sufficiently induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) to provoke a robust immune response for metastasis control. Here, a self-assembled cascade bioreactor was developed to improve cancer treatment with enhanced tumor penetration and synergistic therapy of starvation, chemodynamic (CDT) and photothermal therapy. Ultrasmall FeS-GOx nanodots were synthesized with glucose oxidase (GOx) as template and induced by paclitaxel (PTX) to form self-assembling FeS-GOx@PTX (FGP)

An fMRI study on the specific modulation of brain responses to transient pain by anxiety in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate whether anxiety state and anxiety trait modulate specifically pain-induced brain responses by comparing the brain activations induced by painful stimulation and those by tactile stimulation in college students with different levels of anxiety state or anxiety trait.Methods:From April 2017 to September 2017, sixty-two college students were tested in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.Each subject’s anxiety trait and anxiety state were assessed by the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) prior to the fMRI experiment.During the fMRI experiment, each subject received painful and tactile stimuli.Their brain responses to each stimulus were collected by the MRI scanner, and the perceived intensity rating of each stimulus was collected using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The pain and tactile brain activation values of subjects with different state anxiety levels and different trait anxiety levels were compared.The fMRI brain activation was detected using general linear model.For each type of anxiety (state or trait), two-way ANOVA was performed to detect the interaction between anxiety level and stimulus modality on brain responses and two-sample t-tests were performed to analyze the specific form of interaction in each brain region. Results:There were interactions between state anxiety and stimulation modality on the activation intensity of bilateral posterior parietal lobe, dorsolateral prefrontal lobe and other brain regions( P<0.05, cluster-level FWE corrected) .The brain responses to tactile stimuli (5.66±0.65) in these areas were significantly stronger than those to painful stimuli (1.24±0.55) in the group of middle-level anxiety state ( P<0.001), but no significant difference was found in the other two groups (both P>0.05). For anxiety trait, a few brain areas in bilateral occipital cortex showed significant interactions between anxiety level and stimulus modality.The brain responses to tactile stimuli (8.38±1.00) in these areas were significantly stronger than those to painful stimuli (3.19±1.12) in the group of high-level anxiety trait ( P=0.001), but no significant difference was found in the other two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion:The modulatory effects of anxiety (both state and trait) on brain responses are different between painful and tactile conditions.It provides important evidence for unveiling the brain mechanisms of the specific modulation of anxiety on pain, and suggests that patients' anxiety trait and anxiety state should be considered during clinical treatment of pain.

Formulation Optimization and Characterization of Docetaxel PELGE Nanoparticles and Preliminarily Evaluation of Its Drug Release and Antitumor Activity in vitro / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To optimize the f ormulation of docetaxel （DTX）-mPEG-PLGA-mPEG （PELGE）-nanoparticles （NPs），and to characterize it and evaluate its in vitro drug release and antitumor activity. METHODS ：PELGE were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. DTX-PELGE-NPs were prepared by using emulsion solvent evaporation method. The content of DTX in DTX-PELGE-NPs was determined by HPLC. Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology was applied to optimize the formulation of the nanoparticles using the amount of DTX ，PELGE and poloxamer 188 as independent variable ，using entrapped efficiency as dependent variable. The particle size and Zeta-potential of DTX-PELGE-NPs were characterized by laser particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope. The in vitro release of the DTX-PELGE-NPs was investigated by ultra-filtered centrifugation，using DTX injection as reference. In vitro cytotoxicity of the DTX-PELGE-NPs was investigated by MTT assay ， using DTX and PELGE-NPs without DTX as reference . RESULTS ：The optimal formulation included 2.80 mg DTX ，20.60 mg PELGE and 6％ poloxamer 188. The entrapped efficiency of optimized DTX-PELGE-NPs was （86.79±1.32）％；drug-loading amount was （10.21±0.78）％，and average particle size was （78.4±2.9）nm；polydispersity coeffici ent was （0.187±0.018）and Zeta potential was （－20.6±1.5）mV. Furthermore ，DTX- PELGE-NPs showed a regular spherical and uniform distribution under scanning electron microscopy. Compared with DTXinjection（accumulative release rate of 92.3％ at 4 h），DTX- PELGE-NPs had a significant sustained-release effect （accumu-lative release rate of 78.6％ at 36 h）. 0.1-50 μg/mL PELGE-NPs had no obvious cytotoxicity to human breast cancer cells MCF-7（P＞0.05）. 0.5-10 μg/mL DTX-PELGE-NPs could significantly inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells MCF-7， and its inhibitory effect （except for DTX-PELGE-NPs 10 μg/mL group）was significantly stronger than that of DTX injection （P＜ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The optimized formulation is stable and feasible. The obtained DTX-PELGE-NPs not only have uniform particle size ，high encapsulation rate obvious slow-release effect ，but also have stronger anti-tumor effect in vitro than DTX injection.

The application of certified reference materials for clinical mass spectrometry / 中华检验医学杂志

Reference materials are one of the major approaches to achieve measurement accuracy and metrological comparability. Different functions of reference materials should also be distinguished when applied to mass spectrometry as an emerging technology in clinical laboratory. Proper reference materials for validation, calibration and quality control of measurement method can ensure the accuracy and comparability of test results. Based on the problems of reference materials in clinical mass spectrometry, the precautions for the use of reference materials are summarized in the aspects of measurement method validation, calibrator usage and quality control.

Role of neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 4-like in hepatitis B virus replication / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To study the role and possible molecular mechanism of neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 4-like ( NEDD4 L) in the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods:Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NEDD4 L, plasmid expressing NEDD4 L with hemagglutinin(HA) C-terminal tag (pcDNA3.1- NEDD4 L-HA), plasmid expressing 1.3×HBV genome (pGEM-HBV1.3) and poly (dAT: dAT) were respectively transfected into HepG2 cells using Lipofectamine2000. HepG2.2.15 cells, a cell line that can stably express HBV, were used as control. The mRNA levels of NEDD4 L, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, interferon-stimulated gene 56 ( ISG56), myxovirus resistance protein A ( MxA), oligoadenylate synthetase ( OAS), and the levels of HBV DNA or 3.5 kb HBV RNA were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot was used to detect the silence and over-expression of NEDD4 L, and the protein levels of the related signaling molecules. The amount of IFN-β in the cellular supernatant was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Student t test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups. Results:The levels of NEDD4L mRNA and protein in HepG2.2.15 cells were 10.53±0.47 and 4.17±0.43, respectively, which were both statistically higher than those in HepG2 cells (1.00±0.05, t=3.27, P=0.008 and 1.26±0.25, t=1.68, P=0.030, respectively). In HepG2 cells with knockdown of NEDD4 L, the expression level of HBV DNA in cellular supernatant was 0.32±0.09, which was statistically lower than that in the control (1.00±0.05, t=-0.93, P=0.020), and the expression level of 3.5 kb HBV RNA was 0.49±0.11, which was statistically lower than that in the control (1.00±0.05, t=-0.68, P=0.040), while the mRNA levels of IFN-β and downstream effector molecules ( ISG56, MxA and OAS) were all significantly increased compared with the control ( t=4.66, 9.38, 7.29 and 7.01, respectively, all P<0.01). With poly (dAT: dAT) treatment and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) stimulation, the levels of IFN-β in HepG2 cells with knockdown of NEDD4 L were (776.41±115.49) ng/L and (961.21±130.19) ng/L, respectively, which were both statistically higher than those of the control group ((320.15± 56.05) ng/L, t=2.43, P=0.020; (440.17±67.82) ng/L, t=2.85, P=0.030, respectively). With poly (dAT: dAT) treatment and VSV stimulation, the levels of IFN-β in HepG2 cells with overexpression of NEDD4 L were (156.18±26.47) ng/L and (176.67±34.51) ng/L, respectively, which were both statistically lower than those of the control group ((320.38±49.39) ng/L, t=-2.03, P=0.040; (440.59±68.83) ng/L, t=-1.93, P=0.030, respectively). Western blot showed that the replication of HBV reduced the protein level of melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), a key molecule in upstream of IFN-β, but the down-regulation was not obvious in cells with the knockdown of NEDD4 L. Conclusion:The replication of HBV could promote the up-regulation of NEDD4L protein and subsequently reduce the protein level of MDA5, thereby inhibiting the production of IFN-β, which facilitates HBV to escape the innate immune response.

Mental health and related influencing factors among rural elderly in 14 poverty state counties of Chongqing, Southwest China: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND@#China has the largest elderly population in the world; little attention has been paid to the mental health of elderly in areas of extreme poverty. This is the first study to investigate the mental health of the rural elderly in poverty state counties in Chongqing and was part of the Chongqing 2018 health literacy promotion project.@*METHODS@#In 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the mental health status of the rural elderly in fourteen poverty state counties of Chongqing, in which a total of 1400 elderly aged ≥ 65 years were interviewed, where mental health status was measured by the ten-item Kessler10 (K10) scale. Ordered multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the influencing factors related to mental health of the elderly in these areas.@*RESULTS@#The average score of K10 in 14 poverty state counties was 17.40 ± 6.31, 47.6% was labeled as good, 30.2% was moderate, 17.0% was poor, and lastly 5.1% was bad, and the mental health status of the elderly in the northeastern wing of Chongqing was better than the one in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. A worse self-rated health was the risk factor for mental health both in the northeastern and southeastern wings of Chongqing (all P < 0.001). Lower education level (OR (95% CI) = 1.45 (1.12-1.87), P = 0.004) was a risk factor in the northeastern wing, whereas older age (OR (95% CI) = 1.33 (1.13-1.56), P = 0.001) was a risk factors in the southeastern wing.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results showed that mental health of the elderly in poverty state counties was poor, especially in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. Particular attention needs to be paid to the males who were less educated, older, and single; female with lower annual per capital income; and especially the elderly with poor self-rated health.

Evaluation of nutritional value of common grains in Hubei Province by nutrient profiling / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the nutrient contents of various grains in Hubei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for a balanced diet. Methods Various grains (except potatoes and beans) on the market in Hubei Province were collected. The samples were prepared by peeling and milling, or directly milling, and the nutrient contents were determined according to the national standard methods. With reference to the American nutrient profiling model, protein, dietary fiber, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, potassium, magnesium, iron and calcium, the nine nutrients were selected as recommended nutrients, and sodium, added sugars and fat were restricted nutrients. On the basis of 100 g for calculation, a nutrient-rich food model (Nutrient-rich foods, NRF9.3) was established and applied to evaluate the grains. Results The evaluation results showed that wheat and buckwheat grains contained a higher recommended nutrient content than restricted nutrient content, and had higher nutritional value. Among them, quinoa (black) had the highest NRF index of 102.4, indicating the most nutritional value. After peeling, the loss rate of nutrient value (NRF9.3 index) of various grains was 38.73% to 65.00%. Conclusion It is recommended that people should try to choose whole grains when purchasing grain products.

Effect of self-practice-oriented teaching method on negative emotions of first-time pen insulin injection patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the effect of self-practice-oriented teaching method on injection skills, psychological status and blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving pen insulin injection for the first time. Methods A total of 105 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received insulin injection for the first time were divided into the control group and the observation group according to admission sequence. The control group adopted the method of one-to-one bedside health education of primary nurses. Insulin injection demonstration and disease-related knowledge education were conducted on the day of the medical order to start insulin treatment. Health education was conducted once a day for 3-5 minutes each time for a total of 5 days. The observation group adopted centralized health education, which insulin injection teaching desk, video and other teaching aids, combined with the guidance and correction of primary nurses were used, focusing on the use of teaching aids and self-injection as early as possible during hospitalization. The levels of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, insulin injection skills and anxiety and depression scale (HADS) were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose level, anxiety scores and depression scores between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). Two weeks after the hospital discharge, the anxiety and depression scores of the observation group was 7.31 ± 1.78, 7.00 ± 1.73, significantly lower than the anxiety and depression points of the control group 9.33 ± 2.21, 8.61 ± 1.79 (t=2.492, 3.097, P<0.05);The insulin injection skills assessment score of patients in the observation group was (90.90 ± 4.15) points, significantly higher than the points of the control group (83.74 ± 6.22) (t=-6.593,P<0.01);In the observation group, fasting blood glucose and postprandial 2-hour blood glucose were (7.56 ± 1.86) mmol/L and (10.61 ± 2.25) mmol/L, respectively Compared with the control group (8.55 ± 1.96) mmol/L ,(12.91 ± 2.95) mmol/L, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(t=2.542, 4.301, P<0.05). Conclusion The self-practice-oriented teaching method can effectively alleviate the negative emotions of the patients with the first insulin injection, improve their insulin injection skills to better control blood glucose.

Application of LC-MS/MS in the accurate assessment of vitamins / 中华检验医学杂志

Vitamins are classified as either fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (vitamins B and vitamin C). Traditional methods of immunoassay have only been developed for vitamins D,B6, B9 and B12. However, they cannot distinguish between vitamin subtypes such as D2, D3 and associated epi isomers (which has higher leveks in infants),giving false positive or negative results. Mass spectrometry has become a gold standard method for small molecule analysis in biological samples with its advantages in speed,resolution,sensitivity and specificity. It is widely used in clinical research and diagnosis and provides an efficient method for simultaneous detection of multivitamins in one injection using one low volume sample collection.

Noninvasive numerical simulation of coronary fractional flow reserve based on lattice Boltzmann method / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to investigate the application of lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) in the numerical simulation of computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR ), an idealized narrowed tube model and two coronary stenosis arterymodels are studied. Based on the open source code library (Palabos), the relative algorithm program in the development environment (Codeblocks) was improved. Through comparing and analyzing the results of FFR which is simulated by LBM and finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the feasibility of the numerical simulation of FFR by LBM was verified . The results show that the relative error between the results of LBM and finite element analysis software ANSYS is about 1%, which vertifies the feasibility of simulating the coronary FFR by LBM. The simulation of this study provides technical support for developing future FFR application software, and lays the foundation for the calculation of clinical FFR .

HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG plays an important role in JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathways in HTLV-1 infection cell line HUT-102 / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To analyze whether heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) be involved in a permanently abnormal activated JAK/STAT signaling in ATL cells in vitro.@*Methods@#The effect of 17-AAG on proliferation of ATL cell lines HUT-102 was assessed using CCK8 at different time points. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The specific proteins HSP90, STAT5, p-STAT5 and JAK3 were detected by Western blotting.@*Results@#Overexpression of HSP90 in HUT-102 cell lines was disclosed (P<0.05) , and constitutive activation of JAK3/STAT5 signaling was observed in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines but not in normal PBMCs; Treatment of ATL cell lines with 17-AAG led to reduced cell proliferation, but there was no significant change in terms of cell proliferation when the concentration of 17-AAG between 2 000-8 000 nmol/L (P>0.05) . 17-AAG induced cell apoptosis in different time-points and concentrations. 17-AAG don’t affect the expression of JAK3 gene.@*Conclusion@#This study indicated that JAK3 as HSP90 client protein was aberrantly activated in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines, leading to constitutive activation of p-STAT5 in JAK/STAT signal pathway, which demonstrated that HSP90-inhibitors 17-AAG inhibited the growth of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines by reducing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.

Comparison and Enlightenment of the Contents of Pharmaceutical Administration in Hospital Accreditation Standards between China and JCI / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for further refinement and improvement of pharmaceutical administration in hospital accreditation standards in China.METHODS:According to Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards for Hospitals (6th edition) [called "JCI standards (6th edition)" for short] and Implementation Rules of Level 3 General Hospital Accreditation Standards in China (2011 edition) [called "Implementation Rules of Standards (2011 edition)" for short],the similarities and differences of pharmaceutical administration were studied and compared;the advantages and disadvantages of Implementation Rules of Standards (2011 edition) were analyzed to put forward some suggestions on this basis.RESULTS:The number of the items,standards and key points of pharmaceutical administration in JCI standards (6th edition) were 8,22,89,respectively.The number of above indexes in Implementation Rules of Standards(2011 edition) were 11,39,280,respectively.The similarities mainly reflected in relevant laws,regulations,rules and regulations to be followed in pharmaceutical administration,personnel requirements,drug procurement,reserve,storage and recall,drug dispensing and preparation,special drugs management,prescription management,antibiotics management,drug use monitoring,ADR reporting,etc.The specific regulation of JCI standards (6th edition) involved drug management system documentation review,drag acquisition at night or after pharmacy closed,drug list examination,comparison of drug use list before admission and the first medical order,etc.The specific regulation of Implementation Rules of Standards (2011 edition) involved the promotion of National Essential Medicine System and the construction of clinical pharmacist system.CONCLUSIONS:In China,Implementation Rules of Standards (2011 edition) have clearly defined the National Essential Medicine System and the construction of clinical pharmacist system,and are more in line with the development requirements of medical and health services in China at the present stage;but there are also some deficiencies compared to JCI standards (6th edition),including the revision update,the management of the patient's own medicine,the safety management of the patient's identity,measurability of the accreditation standards.Implementation Rules of Standards should be further refined and perfected by updating version regularly,strengthening the management of details,increasing measurability of the accreditation standards,strengthening drug management outside the department of pharmacy,enhancing drug supply management,etc.

Relationship Between Acute Cerebral Infarction and Serum Inflammatory Cytokines / 沈阳医学院学报

Objective:To investigate the changes of serum inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and its clinical significance by detecting the serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy),cystatin C (Cys C),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) . Methods:A total of 82 ACI patients (ACI group) and 50 healthy persons (control group) were selected,the serum Hcy,Cys C,hs-CRP levels of all subjects were determined,the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and USA National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was analyzed. Finally,the roles of inflammatory cytokines in diagnosis of ACI were evaluated. Results:The levels of Hcy,Cys-C and hs-CRP in ACI group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01) . The serum levels of these factors had significant difference among different neurological deficiency groups (P<0.05), and had a positive correlation with NIHSS score (r=0.396, 0.445, 0.391, P<0.01), hs-CRP had the highest sensitivity (72.0%) and specificity (82.0%) for diagnosis of ACI. Conclusions:The hs-CRP, Hcy and Cys C play important roles in the onset and development of ACI and can reflect the severity of ACI. Among them,Hcy is the important dangerous factor of ACI,the level of Cys C reflectes the degree of the vascular inflammatory injury,and hs-CRP can be used as an index to diagnose and evaluate the severity of ACI.

Preparation of Levofloxacin and Triamcinolone Acetonide Double-loaded Ophthalmic Gel / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel. METHODS:Us-ing levofloxacin hydrochloride and triamcinolone acetonide as main components,carbopol-940P as base material,HPMC K4M as tackifier,Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel was prepared. Using dissolution time as index, the contents of carbopol-940P and HPMC K4M were determined by single factor test,and dissolution time,viscosity and the con-tents of 2 main components were also determined. RESULTS:The concentrations of carbopol-940P and HPMC K4M were 0.4%and 1.2%,separately. The dissolution time was more than 24 h and viscosity was 1 142.67 Pa·s. The content of levofloxacin hydro-chloride was 97.3% of labelled amount (RSD=0.84%,n=3),and that of triamcinolone acetonide was 92.97% of labelled amount(RSD=1.32%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel has been prepared successfully.

Study of clinical application of manipulations of filiform needles to promoteby data mining technique / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the diseases and effects of the manipulations to promoteby filiform needles, with the help of data mining technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Literature about different manipulations to promoteby filiform needles in recent 60 years was collected in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI). Then databases were established to mine the relativities among the diseases, subjects, acupoints selection law,routes and directions of meridianand effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>①Total 489 articles were included. The basic manipulations with the frequency of 630 were on the top. The auxiliary and four methods ofrespectively appeared 70 times. The diseases in the internal medicine were treated with the basic and auxiliary methods of the higher frequencies, 311 and 44 times separately. While the four methods ofwere mostly used in the surgical area, 37 timestotally. ②The diseases treated from high to low by lifting, thrusting and twirling represented retention of urine, sequelae of stroke, pain in waist and lower limbs, of which the effect for retention of urine was better than those of the other two, and the lifting and thrusting method was superior to twirling. ③As for the auxiliary methods, 25 times were found about vibration needling; 18 times, twisting. The highest frequency of 6 times for the vibration needling was on the sequelae of stroke; while 4 times for the twisting, stranguria. ④As to the four methods of,was most frequently applied, and its highest frequency of 18 was onsyndrome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Manipulations to promoteby filiform needles are crucial to achieving the effects of acupuncture. The basic methods are widely used in clinic and have been seen good efficacy. While the auxiliary means assist to promoteto stimulate the body,among which the four methods ofare mainly to smooth the meridians and driveof patients with surgical diseases and take meridian blocking the priority.</p>

Transfer of radiation related leukemia risk from Japanese population to Chinese population / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To estimate the averaged excess relative risk(ERR) in Chinese population based on the radiogenic cancer risk of leukemia in Japanese atomic bomb survivor cohort,and to discuss proper method suitable for risk transfer between populations.Methods Based on BEIR Ⅶ radiogenic cancer model and population transfer model,and the 2009 Chinese leukemia baseline rates given in 2012 Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report,comparison was made of population incidences in seveal countries to adjust the weighting factors.Results The ERR of three subtypes of leukemia as a whole was obtained,and the weighting factors for risk transfer model was assumed.The additive factor for male was 0.2,and the multiplicative factor was 0.8,while the additive factor for female was 0.15,and the multiplicative factor was 0.85.Conclusions For the risk transfer between populations,weighting factor was adjusted as a whole to obtain the ERR value for estimating the risk to Chinese population.The risk transfer method suitable for Chinese population was obtained by using the incidence rate available for Chinese population to directly transfer radiation-induced leukemia risk to Chinese from Japanese.